2013 - 4 Issue

Original article

Anterior Uveitis Caused by Electrical Discharge in Whole Body Injuries (Fifteen-Year Study)

Jan Krásný ORCID
Ludomír Brož – Jiří Kripner

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Published in Czech and Slovak Ophtalmology: 2013 - 4

Published on website: 22.07.2013

Keywords: high–voltage electrical current injury, lighting injury, anterior uveitis

Summary

Aim: To inform about clinical analysis of early ophthalmologic complication (uveitis) in patients sustained electric discharge injury.
Study group: The authors refer about fifteen years follow-up of pediatric patients at the Department of Burns Medicine, 3rd Medical Faculty, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic, E.U., with electric discharge injury, in which the anterior uveitis was detected. Out of 43 patients after electric discharge injury, the always-unilateral iritis (iridocyclitis) was diagnosed in four (9 %) patients according to thoroughgoing follow-up after first accidental diagnosis in the year 1998. Out of four boys aged 12 – 15 years, the first two were injured during the “play” - due to the contact with electrical trolley wire while running on railroad wagons’ roofs, and the two others were stuck by lighting under a tree by secondary electrical discharge. More serious skin burns were noticed in high-voltage current injury – 69 % or 55 % of body surface respectively, with the necessity of skin transplantation. The same was necessary in one boy injured by lighting with burns of 25 % of body surface, while the last one had on the skin the lighting signs only. In most of the patients, the resuscitation care due to unconsciousness and posttraumatic shock was necessary. The anterior uveitis was diagnosed subsequently, after initial preliminary diagnoses as conjunctivitis, episcleritis, or ophthalmia electrica. The iritis without visual function decrease was discovered in few days after the injury in three patients.
Treatment and results: The inflammation was in these cases treated with short-term application of mydriatic and corticosteroid eye drops. Once only, the uveitis appeared after two months during the patient’s hospitalization and then the signs of iridocyclitis in the anterior chamber worsened and caused visual acuity decrease to hand movement in front of the eye. The condition was successfully treated by means of parabulbar betamethasone injection and long-term application of mydriatic and corticosteroid drops. Conclusion: Uveitis in electrical discharge injury of different origin is a rare early complication, which may be determined solely by regular ophthalmologic follow-up examinations of the patients.

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